Symptoms and treatment of varicose veins on the legs

Varicosis is a blow to our age.According to clinical research, about half of the total population on the planet suffers from one form or another form of pathological disorders of the circulatory-vascular system.In their physiological properties, women tend to be prone to the disease.Their number accounts for 40% of the total number of patients.While men are in only 20% of the cases of this pathology of blood vessels.

Most often, middle -aged (30-40 years old) and elderly people suffer from violation of venous blood circulation.The first disease affects the lower limbs.

The symptoms and treatment of the varicos on the feet are closely linked and ensure preventive testing for the appropriate treatment.

Clinical picture

Dysfunction of venous blood flow is due to damage to the valves, overload and deformation of perforant (connecting) veins.When the work of deep (internal) arteries is disturbed, blood circulation becomes chaotic, leading to ingestion and the formation of characteristic nodes.Such a strong blood flow is not intended, thin blood vessels are stretched, vascular balls and infamous blue "snakes" (winding veins appearing on the skin surface).Such errors are clearly visible with the naked eye or when the destruction is palpable.

Varico veins belong to progressive pathologies that use healthy complications and disabilities without timely treatment.Incorrect blood -reflux has different manifestations, depending on the severity of the blood vessels, and the increase in intellectual pressure and excessive fatigue of the legs, swelling, legs and ankles, and regular severity.In advanced cases of varicos at the site of vascular damage, wounds, ulcers and blood clots can be formed.

Varicosis is primary and secondary.In addition to the lower limbs, the site of the disease is the site of the stomach, esophagus, pelvic organs, testicles, seed cords, penis, colon.In the case of a violation of deep veins, the pathology is quite difficult, which weakens the walls of the blood vessels, expanding the internal cavity of the arteries and the disease in a chronic form (venous insufficiency) transition.Therefore, the earlier the varicos are diagnosed, the greater the chance of healing and the less risk of abnormal complications.

That has formed

The causes of venous expansion are different factors.Traditionally, they can be divided into basic and secondary.The main sources of the varicos are as follows:

• Constant heavy physical effort;
• Long stay in a static position - seat or standing;
• Harmful environmental conditions - for example, the air temperature is constantly high;
• Body weight fluctuations or chronic obesity;
• Hormonal imbalance - period of pregnancy or menopause;
• Disease of the endocrine system;
• The hereditary genetic predisposition, which is manifested in the characteristics of the structure of the blood vessels, namely the congenital anatomical inferiority of the venous valves and the weakness of the connective tissue of the arterial walls;
• Neuroses.

In addition, the indirect dysfunction of the venous-vascular system:

1. Systematically repeated tensions that affect the condition of the arteries and nerve endings, which increases the increase in pressure and elasticity;
2. Professional sports classes that place the main emphasis on the lower limbs - the bar raise, long -term running, etc.;
3. Wearing uncomfortable clothes and shoes - a thing that is tightly tight in the pelvis and legs, narrow and tall rods in the area;
4. Previously transferred injuries of the lower limbs (fractures);
5. Elderly, which results in the functionality of epithelial cells, which contributes to the walls of the veins, the weakening of the damaged valves and the increase in the interior volume of the arteries.

In history, the development of varicose veins is usually stimulated not by one, but by the complex of factors.

The symptoms of the disease

Varico veins may have various manifestations that depend on the complexity of the pathology and physiological properties of the patient's body.According to the stages of the varicosus, the following symptoms of blood vessels are observed:

• Venous patterns or "stars" (Telangioectasia) on the skin;

• Swelling of the limbs, especially at the end of the day;
• Pain in the legs or along the veins when they feel them;
• Periodically repeated cramps;
• Fatigue, especially during hiking;
• Visual manifestation of veins on the skin surface;
• Feeling of difficulty in the legs;
• Combustion in the veins' sites;
• Muscle itch;
• Pain of various nature and pain;
• Formation of wrinkled veins in the legs and legs;
• Dermatological changes in the skin - dryness, pigmentation, appearance of darkness;
• Formation of dermatitis, eczema and trophy disorders in the form of non -healing wounds and ulcers;
• Skin compression at the places of progress of varicose veins;
• Formation of hematomas.

Rarely, but sometimes it happens, fracture of venous nodes and the occurrence of subcutaneous bleeding.In this case, the situation requires emergency medical care and surgical intervention.

Symptoms may occur during adolescence.After a while, the disease may feel due to the mass of unpleasant consequences for health.If at least one of the above signals is present, the test must be performed immediately.Heals patients with a flebologist or surgeon.

Classification

According to the decision of the international scientific community, the abnormal extension of the veins of the lower limbs is normal to operate regularly according to a special classifier of CEAP or clinical etiological anatomical pathology.According to this typology, the varicose veins have 6 clinical stages:

1. Zero.Significant subjective complaints of the patient are observed about the symptoms of varicose veins, but visual examination and medical examination are still missing.
2. Grade.On the surface of the skin, small vascular networks, rare edema, difficulty, burns, "buzz" of the legs appear.
3. II.This is considered to be the starting point for real varicos.This is characterized by the external, separate manifestation of increased blood vessels, the formation of venous nodes that worsen in the long static or senior walks.From this stage, thrombosis can be observed.
4. III.The symptoms of the second group are caused by regular swelling, most noticeable by the end of the day, and the pain of the calves.
5. ARC.Tropical changes in the skin were observed.In the epidermis of the pigment, it changes the color of the skin from dark brown to black due to excessive accumulation.It is possible that small local inflammation can be developed in the form of erytheating or wet wounds, leading to the atrophy of dermis and ulcers over time.
6. V grade.The same course as in the fifth stage, but on the tropical ulcer.
7. VI.This is characterized by severe progression when not healed wounds and ulcers.

The varicos are serious.Without timely treatment and constant prevention, it progresses quickly and has irreversible consequences and serious consequences to death.Only 10 years is sufficient to diagnose varicose veins, so that the pathology from Section 1 develops in VI-YU.

Complication

The effect of the varicose veins on the body is extremely negative.If the disease does not manifest itself in any way, only rare discomfort and insignificant cosmetic defects, then in later stages the pathology becomes a highlight and has serious health consequences in the long term.Changes occur in a deeper level, influencing the entire functional system of the body.

Thus, as a result of reflux disorders and stagnation of venous blood in the arteries, oxygen -saturated blood supply to tissues and organs is reduced, causing oxygen starvation and, as a result, hypoxia.At the same time, the pressure within the arteries increases, expanding and increasing the vessels of the venous channel in the volume.In the body, they accumulate in the body by toxins, metabolism products, causing the pathological condition of dermatitis (dermatitis) and subcutaneous tissue (cellulite) everywhere.In the small walls, irreversible changes occur.

The greatest danger of the varicose venue is the complications of the background.The most common and most common consequences of damaged reflux are as follows:

• Swelling of the lower limbs, which becomes constant and does not pass even after a long rest;
• Static pain in legs of different intensity;
• Muscle cramps, increasing their frequency;
• Constant fatigue and difficulty in the legs;
• Increased weakness and body temperature;
• The formation of dermatitis, which is manifested in the form of itchy rash;
• Chronic dermatitis (eczema);
• Formation of open tropical ulcers;
• Severe arterial bleeding during injury due to coagulation of damaged blood;
• Compression (accumulation) at the site of stretching blood veins and the formation of blood clots, clogged in the inner space of the patient;
• Flebotrombosis;
• Thickening of subcutaneous adipose tissue;
• Hyperpigmentation of the skin;
• Bleeding of varicose nodes;
• Thromboflebitis - inflammation of the inner walls of veins.

Without proper treatment, the pathology continues to progress and get into a constant condition, chronic venous insufficiency and lung arterial thromboembolia. The latter refers to extremely serious complications and suddenly fatal.But even in an unexplored situation, the varicos are huge, significantly reducing the general quality of the patient's life.

Pathology in men

The pathology of the veins has no gender.However, according to pathogenesis, the disease is conditionally divided into male and female varicos, with their own formation and developmental characteristics, each of which lies.Thus, the characteristics of male physiology do not contribute to the development of strong half of the problems of strong humanity, but there are many factors.Including:

1. Hard physical work or professional sport associated with the abrasion or lifting of the cargo;
2. Sedentary lifestyle;

3. Malnutrition;
4. Genetic trend;
5. Prolonged use of hormonal drugs;
6. Bad habits.

Varicosis develops more often in men at the age of 40, and increased oily legs, lower legs, visible edema, venous pattern on the surface of the skin, frequent cramps and itching of the skin are allergic dermatitis.In some advanced cases, blood clots and vascular infection are possible.And if the disease is invisible at first, they become obvious over time.However, the main changes occur in the veins, the walls of which are so weakened so that the effect of toxic substance or infection, even insignificant on them, causes damage.The technique of treatment of varicose veins in men is the same in women and has no specific properties.

Pathology in women

The beautiful half of the population suffers more often in varicose veins than men.Favorable factors for this:

• Wearing high -rise shoes or chosen according to the size and completeness of the foot;
• Pull or too tight, fitting clothes that prevent normal blood circulation;
• Work for the whole day's legs for sale, administrator at the reception, hairdresser, teacher, cook, etc.;
• Hormonal changes in pregnancy, childbirth and age -related body (menopause);
• Experiments with the frequent fluctuation of body weight, an extreme diet, which is a sharp weight loss, uncontrolled extra pound set.

Women are frequent patients with phlebologists and cosmetologists.In order to preserve the aesthetic appearance of the skin as long as possible, the ladies are more responsible for the treatment of varicose veins than men, and they achieve improvements in the clinical state of the arterial system.

Given the increased natural tendency for varicose veins, the appearance of symptoms such as swelling of the legs, excessive legs, itching of the skin and burning sensation, the manifestation of small blood vessels and the venous pattern should be seriously warned and reasonsed.

Diagnosis of the disease

Special research methods are used to determine the exact diagnosis of varicos and the degree of severity.The usual test system when accessing the flebologist consists of the following procedures:

1. Collecting a history of the disease that determine possible risk factors and causes;
2. Visual examination of the patient by changing the last situation and adhesion of veins;
3. Laboratory blood tests;
4. Ultrasonic duplex synography of the lower limbs, which allows the medical opinion to be correctly performed, measured the speed and direction of the blood flow, the map of the movement, and the distinctive and clean image of the blood vessels;
5. Vascular X -Ray (Flebography) to determine the appearance and shape of the veins, the functional capabilities of the valves and the direction of blood flow.

These research methods are often sufficient to determine the exact clinic, but in some cases use additional diagnostic methods:

• Three -Dimensional CT (Computer Tomography) with flebogography;
• Photopletismography that requires the use of infrared and light radiation of a photoresistor or phototransistor;
• Fleboscintography on the basis of the use of radionuclide isotopes and the use of flutterometry, dynamic examination of the venous pressure of the lower limbs;
• Lymphoscintigraphy showing the condition and extent of the lymph nodes.

The need for a particular diagnostic method is determined by the physician based on the complexity of the situation and the patient's individual clinical indicators.

A timely and competently selected research method allows for determining the position of the surface and deep veins and forms an accurate scheme of the therapeutic course according to the indicators.

Conservative treatment

In the initial stages, the varicos are reversible and completely eliminate the responsible approach to treatment.In other cases, drugs, intravenous corrective drugs and special compression bedding are used to treat expanded veins.Each of these types of treatments have its own indication to appoint and characterize exposure to the sick body.

1. Drug treatment.This includes oral use at a period of time that contributes to the strengthening of blood vessels and the better thinning of blood flow and normalization of blood flow, eliminating accumulated toxic substances from the body.Tonic, painkillers, soothing and removal gels and ointments are used for topical treatment.In addition, vitamins B are introduced into the therapeutic complex, k, etc.
2. Sclerotherapy for arteries.The method includes the use of special drugs, which are glued from the inside.As a result, reflux is stabilized and is already in healthy dishes.The procedure is performed invasive by intravenous administration of the solution.This is prescribed by a certain ERI blood vessels and small venous nodes.
3. Ozone therapy.This is part of cosmetic medicine and is a cold ozone vessel on the interior of the vessel to glue the error.In addition, the method is actively used to remove the non -aesthetic vascular mesh from the surface of the skin.Effective in the initial stage of the disease.Only a few procedures are sufficient to achieve the desired result.
4. Compression therapy.It consists of wearing a special medical canvas that exerts different intensity pressure in different parts of the legs, which in turn helps to reduce veins and restore blood circulation.The constant use of corrective underwear protects the blood vessels from stretching and developing thrombosis.It is planned that compression underwear is preventive (minimal compression force), therapeutic (acts only when veinosis is exacerbated) and the hospital (used during the postoperative period of the hospital).It is produced in the form of tights, stockings, golf and elastic bandage.The choice of compression canvas is made only on the recommendation of a doctor.

These therapeutic methods have a high efficiency in the uncomplicated forms of the lower limbs, promoting pain, reducing swelling, improves the valve system, increasing blood flow, normalizing bloodstream and preventing the negative consequences of the disease.

Surgical methods of exposure to exposed vessels

Varicoosa function is performed only in extreme cases when the deep injury of the veins is diagnosed with simultaneous complications.Indication of the appointment of surgical intervention:

• Noticeable aggravation of pathology;
• Development of thromboflebitis;
• Visible extension of subcutaneous veins;
• Severe swelling and fatigue of the lower limbs;
• Abnormal violation of reflux.

Functioning during general anesthesia is carried out with modern surgical techniques, for example:

1. The range of blood vessels.Reset the structure of the veins with the automatic generators of the disposable catheter and radio waves.
2. Endidenous thermal obstruction with Paypules (SVS).The effect on the vessels of the heated steam stream.It allows you to penetrate the most inaccessible areas of the venous channel and directly affect deformed vessels.
3. Laser coagulation of veins.This includes the use of the patient's vein -directed laser foot.The procedure leaves no cuts, burns and scars.
4. The technique, which consists of gluing with special biological adhesive of the valves of the blood vessels.
5. Varadi method.The most complex treatment method that includes the removal of the affected vessel.Thanks to 100% of efficiency, this is a priority method for neurosurgery.

Despite the high efficiency of surgical treatment, it is often combined with conservative therapeutic methods.This approach allows you to accelerate the recovery process and secure the result.

Rehabilitation period

During the recovery period and in the future, the competent rehabilitation program will help the lower limbs varicos, including periodic medication, to follow the rules of a healthy lifestyle and to follow the therapeutic gymnastics.

In addition to the physical education of the sanatorium, a patient with diagnosis of varicose veins, regardless of the stage of development and rehabilitation period, is useful for the improvement of blood circulation and preventing veins to prevent blood stagnation.

Preventive recommendations

To reduce the risk of developing veins is sufficient to follow simple but effective tips:

• Try to drive an active pictureEven with static work - move on, change your position regularly, take a short break for gymnastics or relaxation;
• Do not throw your feet on your feet under the seat;
• Do not wear heavily tight things;
• Fold the senior shoes back or put it occasionally;
• Treat chronic circulatory disorders, especially hemorrhoids;
• Choose bicycle walks and swimming as a sports hobby;
• Place the legs over the heart level under the others;
• Review the energy system and include useful products into your diet;
• Check your weight and try to keep it in a constant size;
• Leave bad habits - smoking, alcohol, abuse of fatty foods, etc.;
• Take a contrasting shower;
• Use a large amount of fluid during the day - between 1.5 and 2 liters;
• Avoid long -term stay in the sunlight.

The use of these simple recommendations not only relieves the unpleasant discomfort in slowing down the veins that are already developing and in the lower limbs, but will continue to warn its appearance.

Treatment of varicose veins contains various reviews depending on the complexity of the diagnosis and therapeutic method.

"During pregnancy, I got into the veins of varicose veins. I didn't take anything in childbirth. But after I had to take emergency measures.

"Thanks to the sport, I learned the varicose veins. The regular loads were not unnoticed and they were poured into the progressive varicoosus of the left foot. The usual treatment did not help, I had to do the surgery. I was terribly afraid, but now I was glad I did not remove the sick vein for 2 years."